Describe Maslow's hierarchy of needs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Describe Maslow's hierarchy of needs - Essay Example Human tries to first achieve deficiency needs than after he tries to achieve growth needs that are continually shaping behavior [Wikipedia]. Biological and Physiological needs: Physiological needs take highest priority, because it can control thoughts and behaviors causing people to feel sick, pain and discomfort. These types of needs mainly consist of air, food, drink, shelter, warmth, sex, sleep, homeostasis and excretion Safety needs: This need comes after the Physiological needs are met. This is a natural phenomenon that one moves next level after achieving one stage. Everyone wants to have safety and security. This may be for physical security, health security, employment security, revenues, property and resources security, moral and physiological security, family security, etc. Belongingness and Love needs: When physiological and safety needs are met than human want to have social needs that mainly involves emotionally based relationships. This type of needs is workgroup, supportive and communicative family, affection, relationships, Friendship, and sexual intimacy. A human nature needs to feel belonging and acceptances from social group or social connections and love and to be loved (sexually and non-sexually) by others. Absence of these needs can cause one to feel being alone and depressed. Sometime belonging and love need overcome the physiological and safety needs that depend on the strength of the peer pressure. Esteem Needs: According to Maslow, all humans have a need to be respected, to have self-respect, and to respect others. People need to engage themselves in order to gain recognition. People have an activity or activities that give the person a sense of contribution, to feel accepted and self-value, be it in a profession or hobby. Imbalances at this level can result in low self-esteem, inferiority complexes, and an inflated sense of

Personal development Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Development - Personal Statement Example With a good GPA scored during the Bachelor’s course and work experience gained as the marketing advisor, I managed to enroll myself at University of New Brunswick. My tenure at this University has been one of tremendous learning, and this has contributed towards personal development along with high prospects in the professional career. I came to the university with an open mind with no assumptions and no expectations. I would first like to present what I learned through the academic courses and then move on to the other teachings that an MBA course offers. The environment itself has much to teach, and learning during the MBA stretches far beyond the academic module. However, one has to be open to learning, observing, perceiving and absorbing. Benefits through academic learning The academic course was divided into three modules and the first module comprised of accounting, marketing, statistics and research, and effective communication. I dreaded accounting as I had not fared w ell during the pre-MBA phase. However, to overcome the fear and to understand the accounting concept, I took up the two-week quant camp which definitely did a lot to develop interest in accounting. After that there was no looking back, and I pursued the subject seriously, making sure I solved problems after each class. This one of my biggest achievements in this course – I understood and overcame the fear of accounting. I am glad I did so because the basics of accounting are essential to run your own business. Marketing had been my domain and interest before I started this course. This course was very interesting and at the same time it helped me develop professional skills on how to actually market products or services. The course stretched into marketing for profit- and non-profit organizations. What I specifically enjoyed was the analytics that provide insight into marketing efforts and help the marketers further amend their strategy. Statistics and research, while essenti al for business, was a little difficult for me. I guess it is enough to understand its value and the basics, so that we can extract information when necessary. Not everyone can be an expert in every field, so I decided not to spend too much energy in a subject which I would not be keen to pursue later as a career. However, I did learn to use excel, which is very important in analytics. Analytics help in marketing decisions and statistics help to decide on the target audience. As a marketer, communication has always been my strength but this course taught me the finer techniques in communication. Business communication becomes essential for every professional, both in oral and written format. Communication is also essential in dealing with colleagues and subordinates. Thus, even though many may consider this as a natural or innate talent, I feel the course does provide a guideline on communication at different levels. The second module was even more interesting as it taught us how to apply the theories and technical knowledge in business. Management skills development is an essential trait because one needs to develop the competencies to manage and lead an organization. This course also taught us the difference between a manager and a leader. I never knew the difference between the two, before the course. The different leadership traits and qualifications essential in different circumstances was an interesting learning. Another major learning for me

Creating a GUI for ThermaKin2D

Creating a GUI for ThermaKin2D Tamfor Dulin Graphical user interface are used in OSX, Windows PC, and even on phones and tablets. It is found on almost every technological device used by people from computer programmers to toddlers. GUIs (Graphical User Interface) have been helpful over the years as well as it is going to be for the end product of this project. In general, GUIs simplify the use of an application so that it is user-friendly. Another subject that plays an important role is combustion, which is an exothermic chemical reaction, combustion is required to understand the purpose of this GUI. If it is hot enough the combustion can cause a flame. In this reaction there is a cycle in which the fuel is melted and afterwards burned to fuel the fire. This can be calculated to acquire an ideal set of numbers that represent the flame but no one would understand such data and this is where the GUI comes into place. In this project, a GUI will be created for a solver that can calculate the flame spread, the data calculated wil l be manipulated and visualized by the GUI, and this will be able to help understand the results of the solver into a visual depiction. GUI (Graphical User Interface) is defined as, in computer science terms based on Harding, â€Å"a visual operating display that the monitor presents on the monitor to the computer operator† (Jansen, The Graphical User Interface.). GUIs act as mediator between the program and the user. GUIs are useful in technological devices in that they make understanding apps easy. GUIs are advantageous and increase usability as well as productivity rate. It is a type of computer human interface on a computer that includes clickable inputs, a combination of icons, taskbars and other images so that a computer will be able to display these interfaces. This is more commonly known as a Window, Icons, Menus, and a Pointer (WIMP)(Hinckley, Haptic Issues for Virtual Manipulation). WIMP are now found in the majority of graphical interface. GUIs also are composed of a windowing system, an imaging model, and an application program interface (API). The WIMP is created by the windowing system. The imaging models determines the font and the image and partially produces the WIMP. Lastly, the API is the medium which the user tell the program on how the windows will appear (Jansen, The Graphical User Interface.). GUIs have simplified the complicated Command Line Interface (CLI) which has a steep learning curve. It also, â€Å"attempt to solve this blank screen problem.† (Jansen, The Graphical User Interface.) This blank screen is caused by command lines and DOS (Disk Operating System) prompts which are interfaces in which the user types commands to execute certain tasks and are limited with only prompts. CLI and DOS prompts tend to have blank screen and the user is expected to know what to do to proceed with the process. Unlike command lines and DOS prompts, the GUI guides the user to know what to do next, with prompts and indications. Unfortunately, GUIs are not as flexible and as powerful to control an application. GUIs have been used for more than 30 years. It all started out with the multiple researchers at Xerox PARC (Palo Alto Research Center), they created the first application with a GUI (Jansen, The Graphical User Interface.). The researchers were dedicated to creating the GUI before they started with application itself. This application was name Xerox Star, unfortunately it was too slow and commercially unsuccessful. After the Xerox Star came Apple Lisa made by Steve Jobs and some hired researchers who previously created the Xerox Star. The Apple Lisa was still unsuccessful and this is when the Apple Macintosh finally was created (Jansen, The Graphical User Interface.). As it is still known and used today, the Apple macintosh’s GUI was successful. After the success of Apple Macintosh many other common and modern GUI started to sprout. From the old International Business Machine (IBM) to X-Windowing System which developed to be now windows 7 or 8. Other than those GUIs, there was Linux (Operating system), UNIX (Uniplexed Information and Computer Science) and other Linux-based and UNIX-based operating system which come into place like android and iOS, respectively. Knowledge of a flame spread is vital. Combustion is a chemical reaction that releases heat or energy with a fuel and an oxidant, in most cases oxygen is the oxidant. Through this reaction, a fire is formed which in turn makes a flame, the visible part of combustion. Flames have complex, hard to predict movement because of the particular substance that is being burned. To predict the flame spread, is one of the most complicated fire problems. Flame depends on the substance being burned and all its attributes which differ through each substance. The size, density, mass, shape, porosity, and if there are impurities cause the flame to react differently. This flame cannot not be easily predicted because if there was to be an experimental prediction, it would not have been accurate since the substance could have been slightly impure or any miscalculations. To have accurate measures it would have to be simulated in an ideal situation. Since flame spread is random and cause by unknown situations or situation caused by human error, it will easily be identified through simulations which would require chemical and physical properties to calculate how the flame would spread. To easily predict flame spread through simulations, ThermaKin2D will be used. It was created by the University of Maryland and Federal Aviation Administration. This solver is able to solve the rate of fuel production, heat transfer rate, fuel burn rate, and flame spread rate in a given amount of time by using the physical and chemical properties of the thermochemical decomposing solid (Stoliarov, Levention, and Lyon, 1). The reason why this program was created was to be able to predict and understand flame growth through models (1). The understanding of the calculation and chemical activity is crucial for predictions. Previously, there was a program called ThermaKin that would calculate the rate at which a pyrolyzing solid will burn, the fuel released during the process, changing mass, and energy conservation (1). The only problem with the ThermaKin was that it was mainly 1-Dimensional which means that it did not greatly represent a surface flame and it was limited since it could not simulate a flame spread. Using the data yielded from ThermaKin2D, one is able to make a 2D simulation of the data. ThermaKin2D is similar to ThermaKin but in a 2D perspective and an adaptable representation of a surface flame (1). This 2D visualization enhances the comprehension of the data being shown and it is a highly accurate depictions of a flame. It is greatly flexible and can handle up to chemical activity of up to 30 first and second order reactions (Levention, â€Å"Two-dimensional Model of Burning for Pyrolyzable Solids†). Each component is classified by density, heat capacity, thermal conductivity, gas transfer coefficient, emissivity, and absorption coefficient ((Stoliarov, Levention, and Lyon, 1). It has been used in simulation of combusting non-charring and charring polymers in a cone calorimetry-type scenario. (1) The main features that separates ThermaKin2D from other solvers are â€Å"a gas solid interaction formulation that enables gas driven sample simulations.† Also is it a â€Å"Monte Carlo based radiative heat transfer sub model† and â€Å"a versatile kinetics solver that can handle chemical mechanism consisting of up to 30 first and second order reactions.† Its boundary condition is broad and it is able to handle most situations provided that you have the chemical and physical property. ( Leventon, Two-dimensional Model of Burning for Pyrolyzable Solids) Additionally, the purpose of ThermaKin was to have a model of thermochemical decomposition and combustion of complex polymers (Stoliarov, Levention, and Lyon, 1). Just as ThermaKin was for industrial, educational, facility, and personal uses, once a GUI has been created for ThermaKin2D, it will be used for the same purpose and more and be accessible to more people. Such example of the uses would be to create a model for combustion, as well as a pyrolysis model in 2D. Another example would be visualizing 2D simulation of a substance burning with the reactions and outcomes. With all these possibilities one may be able to test different substances with mixtures. This enables one to identify which substance is more flammable or is less conductive. Another example could be determining the rate at which fuel is produced which can be used in making candles. ThermaKin2D can be used in multiple ways but, without the GUI, many people would not be able to use it and reducing the rate at which ones house is burning would not have been easily accomplished. ThermaKin2D will need a graphical user interface because without it, it will be used by a small population or be complex to use in that you would have to remember each and every command. But the purpose of ThermaKin2D was for it to be used by anyone who need to study the flame on a substance. Also the GUI will be needed to convert the numerical data into graphs and simulations. In this case it will give the previously measured data to the solver and the solver will yield data needed to simulate and visualize. ThermaKin2D will require a GUI because currently it is in a command line interface which is arcane. It has a blank screen and a prompt which only few will be able to understand and indications will be required to know what to do when the program starts. The program will need a graphical interface for inputting the information so that the user will know when and where to place the information they need to give. Without the GUI, inputting and receiving data will be confusing, with a lot of numerical data and no images to easily identify what is going on in the calculations. Unfortunately the failure or success of the product is dependent on the GUI. Having a good GUI is important so that the user will not be frustrated. Also, it is not easy to tell if the GUI is easy and efficient. Overall ThermaKin2D is based on ThermaKin in which it will calculate the rate of fuel production of a thermally decomposing solid. In this project as previously mentioned, A GUI will be created for ThermaKin2D created by University of Maryland since it is now available in a command line interface and it is arcane, only the creators are the one to understand. In creating this GUI, it will help explain the useful purpose of GUI which make the application less complicated and not have someone take an aspirin after using an application. A good GUI design eliminates the complexity of the communication with the computer system and the user to work directly on the problem at hand. Without this GUI only a few people will be able to use this ThermaKin2D and will not help the society as a whole. Works Cited Hinckley, Ken. Haptic Issues for Virtual Manipulation Microsoft Research. Haptic Issues for Virtual Manipulation Microsoft Research. N.p., 1996. Web. 04 Oct. 2014. Hopp, T.; Schwarzenberg, G.F.; Zapf, M.; Ruiter, N.V., A MATLAB GUI for the Analysis and Exploration of Signal and Image Data of an Ultrasound Computer Tomograph,Advances in Computer-Human Interaction, 2008 First International Conference on, vol., no., pp.53,58, 10-15 Feb. 2008 Jansen, Bernard J. The Graphical User Interface. ACM SIGCHI Bulletin 30.2 (1998): 22-26. Print. Leventon I. T.; Stoliarov S. I.; Evolution of Flame to Surface Heat Flux during Upward Flame Spread on Poly(methyl methacrylate); Proceedings of the Combustion Institute; vol. 34, pp. 2523-2530 (2013). Levy, Jr. Steven. Graphical User Interface (GUI) (computing).Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica, n.d. Web. 20 Sept. 2014. Li, Jing, Junhui Gong, and Stanislav I. Stoliarov. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer. Gasification Experiments for Pyrolysis Model Parameterization and Validation 74 (2014): 738-44. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer. Elsevier, 30 July 2014. Web. 3 Sept. 2014. Miranda, Gutierrez M. THE IMPORTANCE OF GRAPHIC USERS INTERFACE, ANALYSIS OF GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE DESIGN IN THE CONTEXT OF HUMAN-COMPUTER INTERACTION IATED Digital Library.THE IMPORTANCE OF GRAPHIC USERS INTERFACE, ANALYSIS OF GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE DESIGN IN THE CONTEXT OF HUMAN-COMPUTER INTERACTION IATED Digital Library. N.p., 4 July 2011. Web. 4 Sept. 2014. Ogras, Hidayet, and Mustafa Tà ¼rk. Utilizing Simulink and MATLAB Graphical User Interface in Modelling and Simulation of Chaos-Based Digital Modulation Techniques.International Journal of Electrical Engineering Education50.1 (2013): 19-33.ProQuest.Web. 15 Sep. 2014. Quintiere, James, Margaret Harkleroad, and Yuji Hasemi. Wall flames and implications for upward flame spread. Combustion Science and Technology48.3-4 (1986): 191-222. Quintiere, J. Q., and C. H. Lee. Ignitor and Thickness Effects on Upward Flame Spread. Fire technology 03 1998: 18-38.ProQuest. Web. 24 Sep. 2014 . Smith, Scott T.MATLAB: advanced GUI development. Dog Ear Publishing, 2006. Stoliarov, Stanislav I., Isaac T. Levention, and Richard E. Lyon. TWO-DIMENSIONAL MODEL OF BURNING FOR PYROLYZABLE SOLIDS. Tech. no. DOT/FAA/TC-TN12/59. U.S. Department of Transportation, Mar. 2013. Web. 25 July 2014. Tuck, Michael. The Real History of the GUI. SitePoint. Michael Tuck, 13 Aug. 2001. Web. 3 Sept. 2014. Wilder, Ron. Understanding the Basics of the Command Line Interface. MacAuthority 06 2004: 6-9. ProQuest. Web. 1 Oct. 2014 .

Illusion vs. Reality in The Glass Menagerie Essay -- Glass Menagerie e

Illusion vs. Reality in The Glass Menagerie      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In The Glass Menagerie, Tennessee Williams uses the roles of the members of the Wingfield family to highlight the controlling theme of illusion versus reality. The family as a whole is enveloped in mirage; the lives of the characters do not exist outside of their apartment and they have basically isolated themselves from the rest of the world. Even their apartment is a direct reflection of the past as stories are often recalled from the mother's teenage years at Blue Mountain, and a portrait of the man that previously left the family still hangs on the wall as if his existence is proven by the presence of the image. The most unusual factor of their world is that it appears as timeless. Amanda lives only in the past while Tom lives only in the future and Laura lives in her collection of glass animals, her favorite being the unicorn, which does not exist. Ordinary development and transformation cannot take place in a timeless atmosphere such as the apartment. T he whole family resists change and is unwilling to accept alteration. Not only is the entire family a representation of illusion versus reality, each of the characters uses fantasy as a means of escaping the severity of their own separate world of reality. Each has an individual fantasy world to which they retreat when the existing world is too much for them to handle. Each character has a different way of dealing with life when it seems to take control of them, and they all become so completely absorbed in these fantasies that they become stuck in the past. Amanda Wingfield (mother) is the most unrealistic of all the characters. She clings desperately to the past as she repeatedly relives the memories of receivin... ...Unicorn b. Jim 4. Laura's reaction to Jim's engagement 5. Laura's final plunge into illusion C. Tom 1. Tom's desperate desire to escape reality inside home 2. Complaints of job and mother 3. Discussion of outside world 4. Admiration for father 5. Tom's final attempt to escape reality 6. Truth of Tom's attachment to truth of reality D. Jim 1. Jim's understanding of reality versus illusion 2. Reflection of high school memories 3. Impact on Laura a. Convinces Laura to dance b. Kisses Laura 4. Breaks news of engagement to Laura 5. Impact on other Wingfield characters a. Amanda 1. Seen as tender and caring for the first time 2. Comforts Laura with dignity b. Tom 1. Decides to finally break away from reality of Wingfield home 2. Follows in father's footsteps III. Conclusion

Impact of Internet Usage on Academic Performance of the Student Essay

Correlation and regression techniques were used to find out the strength and direction of the relationship. Findings – Internet is one of the beneficial tools in this era of IT world not only for business but for academic point of view and enhances the skills and capabilities of students which assist them in studies and in professional life. Student with high CGPA use more internet for their studies and gain more knowledge and information across the world. Research limitations/implications – The self-report criteria are a limitation. Future research should employ more objective measures of internet use. Also, antecedents of internet use might be explored in other developing economies. I have chosen limited universities and disciplines from a single city Lahore. Practical implications – To encourage internet usage intentions, it appears worthwhile to create in potential users a sense that the technology is useful, easy to use, and that others have expectations regarding its usage. Keywords: Information Technology (IT), Internet, Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA) Introduction Throughout the world, information and communications technologies (ICTs) are changing the face of education. It has been argued that the transformation of education may be the most important of the many practical revolutions sparked by computer technology. Just as computers are about to replace books (some would argue this has already happened) as our main source of information globally, computers will come to occupy the central position in education once occupied by books. The Internet was initially developed by the US Defense Department and was at one time only popular within the research community. Its ability to share information across organizations and to interact with people at low cost has gradually enticed other sectors to explore its use. Today, the Internet has an impact on every facet of our life including business operation, education, communication, entertainment, social activity, shopping, and so on. Many universities around the world are expanding their investment in information technology (IT), and specifically the Internet, and are actively promoting Internet use. From a student’s perspective, learning using online tools is multidimensional. It may entail a multitude of variables such as prior student knowledge of IT, experience in its usage, perceptions of IT usage, computer competencies, and background demographics. The Internet is one of the greatest recent advancement in the world of information technology and has become a useful instrument that has fostered the process of making the world a global village. The Internet provides several opportunities for the academia. It is a mechanism for information dissemination and a medium for collaborative interaction between individuals and their computers without regard for geographic limitation of space. The word Internet is derived from two words: â€Å"international† and â€Å"network†. The Internet therefore can be defined as an international computer network of information available to the public through modem links so internet is a worldwide system of linked computers networks. The Internet is the world’s largest and most widely used network. It is an international network of networks that is a collection of hundreds of thousands of private and public networks all over the world. There are rich and varied learning experiences available on the Internet that would have been inconceivable just a short while ago. The Internet has a range of capabilities that organizations are using to exchange information internally or to communicate externally with other organizations. The primary infrastructure for e-commerce, e-banking, e-business, e-learning and virtual library is provided by the Internet technology. The Internet provides several opportunities for all academia, business organizations, the employed and the unemployed, the young and the old. The Internet is a ‘live’ constantly ‘moving’, theoretically borderless, potentially infinite space for the production and circulation of information. The Internet might thus be described as a ‘sea of information’, containing texts which are not housed between library and bookshop walls and subject areas span across all fields of knowledge. The Internet can be used for other things besides email. One can listen to international radio station on research and education on the Internet, read national dailies of other countries, speaks to friends around the global, read books and other materials on the Internet. The list of things that can be done on the Internet is a very long one. The Internet contains more information than the world’s largest libraries with access to the Internet one can retrieve information from the world’s largest information database. Objectives of study A study of different disciplines was conducted to identify the intensity of internet usage by student who belongs to different disciples. The purpose of my studies is to evaluate weather is their any relationship between the usage of internet and students academics performance. To better understand the relationship how the Internet affects university students learning, the following questions should be answered. What are the benefits of using the Internet as part of a university education? What are the main factors affecting such use? What is the impact of such use on student learning? What does it take to encourage positive attitudes in students toward Internet use? This study tries to answer these questions by exploring the antecedents to, and the impacts of, Internet use in university education. The specific objectives were to: †¢Identify attitude of students toward IT. †¢ Determine the purpose of internet usage for students. †¢Find out the intensity of internet usage by students. Evaluate that whether the use of internet improve the academic performance of students or not. Significance of study This study could be beneficial for student as well as for institutions. The valuable feedback from 500 students should help student to realize the benefits of internet in their education. Institutes can invest more in internet facilities to enhance the performance of their students and produce better results. Based on Pakistan’s experience, international readers may take advantage from this study work. Literature review Advancement in technology brings major impacts on education.

Marshal and Gordon Case Essay

Outsourcing is the contracting out of an organization’s business activities (functions and processes) to an outside service provider where the provider is responsible to carry out the activity that was currently, or could be, undertaken by the organization. Earlier outsourcing was usually carried out for organization’s non-core activities to save money but now outsourcing is omnipresent. Firms are outsourcing a wide range of activities ranging from research and development to marketing, from production to assembly, distribution to after sales service. Today, even activities like security and public relations are outsourced. Predominantly, there are two kind of outsourcing: With manpower – where the service provider’s employees work inside the premises of the organization. For example, company X has outsourced its security department to company ABC, then ABC’s employees operate at the location of company X. Without manpower – the service provider’s employees do not work inside the organization premises. For example, if company X is an electronics company and has outsourced the after sales services of its products then the service The world longest strike, which lasted nearly a decade has come to end by hospitality workers at the Congress Plaza Hotel in Chicago on the night of 29th may 2013. The strike was started on June 15, 2003 and the striking workers had long called for wage and benefit increases and job security. IRound The World provider’s employees work need not work at the parent organization’s location but will extend services at the customer’s location. Why Outsourcing ï‚ · Save Costs: To save the costs associated with defined benefits for permanent employees in labor-union contracts and as guaranteed by various labour laws in the country like ï‚ · Increased Effectiveness: Companies by outsourcing non-core activities can focus their resources on the management of the core activities leading to enhanced organization effectiveness ï‚ · Access to world class experts: Outsourcing to specialized companies gives organization access to experts and the latest technologies for limited time frame for specific project related work leading to improved quality ï‚ · Increased flexibility: Outsourcing business functions to external service providers, the organization doesn’t need to maintain fixed assets and invest on infrastructure. This gives the organization flexibility to meet changing business needs and respond to the dynamic environment. Laws related to outsourcing Outsourcing, as already discussed, is of two types: Outsourcing with manpower, and outsourcing without manpower. Outsourcing without manpower When outsourcing is done without manpower, it is essentially a contract between two parties and only the Indian Contract Act, 1872 (hereinafter referred to as the ICA) becomes applicable. Both the parties are bound by the ICA and the terms of the contract agreed upon by them. Outsourcing with manpower Outsourcing with manpower is also essentially a contract between two parties and hence ICA becomes applicable. However, because the activities are carried out on the premises of the outsourcing party, the Contract Labour (Regulation and Abolition) Act, 1970 (hereinafter referred to as CLRA) also becomes applicable, provided twenty or more workmen are employed as contract labour in the establishment. Thus in a nutshell, we can say that ICA becomes applicable in all cases of outsourcing, whereas, CLRA becomes applicable only in case of outsourcing with manpower, provided that the establishment (outsourcing party) employs or had employed in the preceding twelve months, twenty or more workmen as contract labour. Relation between players   In case of outsourcing without manpower, the only relation providing the service is the second party. The outsourcing organisation has no relation with the employees of the second party. However, in cases of outsourcing with manpower where CLRA becomes applicable, there are three players, vis-à  -vis, Principle Employer, Contractor and Contract Labour. The outsourcing organisation is the Principal Employer, the organization providing the service is the Contractor, while the employees of the Contractor working on the premises of the Principal Employer are the Contract Labours. The Contractor is responsible for the health, welfare and payment of wages of the Contract Labour. It is only when the contractor fails to meet those responsibilities does the Principal Employer become liable. However, the Principal Employer, as per section 20 and 21 of CLRA, can recover the costs incurred for meeting such liability from the Contractor. Employer-Employee Relationship Looking at the present scenario, with outsourcing activities increasing exponentially, it can be said that the employer employee relationship is becoming more of a myth. The contract labour, who carry out the activities in the premises of the Principal Employer, are not the ‘employees’ of the Principal Employer. The Principal Employer does not hire, fire, or control the contract labour. Neither is it directly responsible for their health, welfare and wages. Thus, we can say that there is no direct relationship between Principal Employer and Contract Labour. References: 1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outsourcing 2. Padhi, P.K., Labour and Industrial Laws, Eastern Econo- Pratham, an NGO based out of Mumbai, working for child development announced that it had reported to the police 1,817 cases of children sweating it out in intensive activity in the Mumbai in June, that it spotted during a two-month study. Clearly shows that even the fundamental rights are just on paper.

Pepper and Water Science Magic Trick

Pepper and Water Science Magic Trick The pepper and water science trick is one of the easiest magic tricks you can perform. Heres how to do the trick and an explanation of how it works. Necessary Materials You only need a few common kitchen ingredients to perform this science magic trick. black pepperwaterdishwashing liquidplate or bowl Steps to Performing the Trick Pour water into a plate or bowl.Shake some pepper onto the waters surface.Dip your finger into the pepper and water (Nothing much will happen).However, if you put a drop of dishwashing liquid on your finger and then dip it into the pepper and water the pepper will rush to the outer edges of the dish. If you are doing this as a trick then you might have one finger that is clean and another finger that you dipped in detergent before performing the trick. You could use a spoon or chopstick if you dont want a soapy finger. Heres How the Trick Works When you add detergent to water the surface tension of the water is lowered. Water normally bulges up a bit, like what you see when you look at a water drop. When the ​surface tension is lowered, the water wants to spread out. As the water flattens on the dish, the pepper that is floating on top of the water is carried to the outer edge of the plate as if by magic. Exploring Surface Tension With Detergent What happens if you mix detergent into the water and then shake pepper onto it? The pepper sinks to the bottom of the plate because the surface tension of the water is too low to hold up the particles. The high surface tension of water is why spiders and some insects can walk on water. If you added a drop of detergent to the water, they would sink, too. Floating Needle Trick A related science-based trick is the floating needle trick. You can float a needle (or paperclip) on water because the surface tension is high enough to hold it up. If the needle gets completely wet, it will sink immediately. Running the needle across your skin first will coat it with a thin layer of oil, helping it to float. Another option is to set the needle on a floating bit of tissue paper. The paper will become hydrated and sink, leaving a floating needle. Touching the water with a finger dipped in detergent will cause the metal to sink. Quarters in a Glass of Water Another way to demonstrate the high surface tension of water is to see how many quarters or other coins you can add to a full glass of water before it overflows. As you add coins, the surface of the water will become convex  before finally overflowing. How many coins can you add? This depends on how you add them. Slowly sliding the coins into the water edge-on will improve your results. If youre competing with a friend, you can sabotage his efforts by coating his coins with soap.